マッカーサー草案日本国憲法
外務省仮訳 : 英文原文 : 資料の写し
外務省仮訳
外務省仮訳 [１９４６年（昭和２１年）２月２６日臨時閣議で配布]
我等日本国人民ハ、国民議会ニ於ケル正当ニ選挙セラレタル我等ノ代表者ヲ通シテ行動シ、我等自身及我等ノ子孫ノ為ニ諸国民トノ平和的協力及此ノ国全土ニ及ブ自由ノ祝福ノ成果ヲ確保スヘク決心シ、且政府ノ行為ニ依リ再ヒ戦争ノ恐威ニ訪レラレサルヘク決意シ、茲ニ人民ノ意思ノ主権ヲ宣言シ、国政ハ其ノ権能ハ人民ヨリ承ケ其ノ権力ハ人民ノ代表者ニ依リ行使セラレ而シテ其ノ利益ハ人民ニ依リ享有セラルル神聖ナル信託ナリトノ普遍的原則ノ上ニ立ツ所ノ此ノ憲法ヲ制定確立ス、而シテ我等ハ此ノ憲法ト抵触スル一切ノ憲法、命令、法律及詔勅ヲ排斥及廃止ス
我等ハ永世ニ亘リ平和ヲ希求シ且今ヤ人類ヲ揺リ動カシツツアル人間関係支配ノ高貴ナル理念ヲ満全ニ自覚シテ、我等ノ安全及生存ヲ維持スル為世界ノ平和愛好諸国民ノ正義ト信義トニ信倚センコトニ意ヲ固メタリ、我等ハ平和ノ維持並ニ横暴、奴隷、圧制及無慈悲ヲ永遠ニ地上ヨリ追放スルコトヲ主義方針トスル国際社会内ニ名誉ノ地位ヲ占メンコトヲ欲求ス、我等ハ万国民等シク恐怖ト欠乏ニ虐ケラルル憂ナク平和ノ裏ニ生存スル権利ヲ有スルコトヲ承認シ且之ヲ表白ス
我等ハ如何ナル国民モ単ニ自己ニ対シテノミ責任ヲ有スルニアラスシテ政治道徳ノ法則ハ普遍的ナリト信ス、而シテ斯ノ如キ法則ヲ遵奉スルコトハ自己ノ主権ヲ維持シ他国民トノ主権ニ基ク関係ヲ正義付ケントスル諸国民ノ義務ナリト信ス
我等日本国人民ハ此等ノ尊貴ナル主義及目的ヲ我等ノ国民的名誉、決意及総力ニ懸ケテ誓フモノナリ
第一章 皇帝
第一条
皇帝ハ国家ノ象徴ニシテ又人民ノ統一ノ象徴タルヘシ彼ハ其ノ地位ヲ人民ノ主権意思ヨリ承ケ之ヲ他ノ如何ナル源泉ヨリモ承ケス
第二条
皇位ノ継承ハ世襲ニシテ国会ノ制定スル皇室典範ニ依ルヘシ
第三条
国事ニ関スル皇帝ノ一切ノ行為ニハ内閣ノ輔弼及協賛ヲ要ス而シテ内閣ハ之カ責任ヲ負フヘシ
皇帝ハ此ノ憲法ノ規定スル国家ノ機能ヲノミ行フヘシ彼ハ政治上ノ権限ヲ有セス又之ヲ把握シ又ハ賦与セラルルコト無カルヘシ
皇帝ハ其ノ機能ヲ法律ノ定ムル所ニ従ヒ委任スルコトヲ得
第四条
国会ノ制定スル皇室典範ノ規定ニ従ヒ摂政ヲ置クトキハ皇帝ノ責務ハ摂政之ヲ皇帝ノ名ニ於テ行フヘシ而シテ此ノ憲法ニ定ムル所ノ皇帝ノ機能ニ対スル制限ハ摂政ニ対シ等シク適用セラルヘシ
第五条
皇帝ハ国会ノ指名スル者ヲ総理大臣ニ任命ス
第六条
皇帝ハ内閣ノ輔弼及協賛ニ依リテノミ行動シ人民ニ代リテ国家ノ左ノ機能ヲ行フヘシ即
国会ノ制定スル一切ノ法律、一切ノ内閣命令、此ノ憲法ノ一切ノ改正並ニ一切ノ条約及国際規約ニ皇璽ヲ欽シテ之ヲ公布ス
国会ヲ召集ス
国会ヲ解散ス
総選挙ヲ命ス
国務大臣、大使及其ノ他ノ国家ノ官吏ニシテ法律ノ規定ニ依リ其ノ任命又ハ嘱託及辞職又ハ免職カ此ノ方法ニテ公証セラルヘキモノノ任命又ハ嘱託及辞職又ハ免職ヲ公証ス
大赦、恩赦、減刑、執行猶予及復権ヲ公証ス
栄誉ヲ授与ス
外国ノ大使及公使ヲ受ク
適当ナル式典ヲ執行ス
第七条
国会ノ許諾ナクシテハ皇位ニ金銭又ハ其ノ他ノ財産ヲ授与スルコトヲ得ス又皇位ハ何等ノ支出ヲ為スコトヲ得ス
第二章 戦争ノ廃棄
第八条
国民ノ一主権トシテノ戦争ハ之ヲ廃止ス他ノ国民トノ紛争解決ノ手段トシテノ武力ノ威嚇又ハ使用ハ永久ニ之ヲ廃棄ス
陸軍、海軍、空軍又ハ其ノ他ノ戦力ハ決シテ許諾セラルルコト無カルヘク又交戦状態ノ権利ハ決シテ国家ニ授与セラルルコト無カルヘシ
第三章 人民ノ権利及義務
第九条
日本国ノ人民ハ何等ノ干渉ヲ受クルコト無クシテ一切ノ基本的人権ヲ享有スル権利ヲ有ス
第十条
此ノ憲法ニ依リ日本国ノ人民ニ保障セラルル基本的人権ハ人類ノ自由タラントスル積年ノ闘争ノ結果ナリ時ト経験ノ坩堝ノ中ニ於テ永続性ニ対スル厳酷ナル試練ニ克ク耐ヘタルモノニシテ永世不可侵トシテ現在及将来ノ人民ニ神聖ナル委託ヲ以テ賦與セラルルモノナリ
第十一条
此ノ憲法ニ依リ宣言セラルル自由、権利及機会ハ人民ノ不断ノ監視ニ依リ確保セラルルモノニシテ人民ハ其ノ濫用ヲ防キ常ニ之ヲ共同ノ福祉ノ為ニ行使スル義務ヲ有ス
第十二条
日本国ノ封建制度ハ終止スヘシ一切ノ日本人ハ其ノ人類タルコトニ依リ個人トシテ尊敬セラルヘシ一般ノ福祉ノ限度内ニ於テ生命、自由及幸福探求ニ対スル其ノ権利ハ一切ノ法律及一切ノ政治的行為ノ至上考慮タルヘシ
第十三条
一切ノ自然人ハ法律上平等ナリ政治的、経済的又ハ社会的関係ニ於テ人種、信条、性別、社会的身分、階級又ハ国籍起源ノ如何ニ依リ如何ナル差別的待遇モ許容又ハ黙認セラルルコト無カルヘシ
爾今以後何人モ貴族タルノ故ヲ以テ国又ハ地方ノ如何ナル政治的権力ヲモ有スルコト無カルヘシ
皇族ヲ除クノ外貴族ノ権利ハ現存ノ者ノ生存中ヲ限リ之ヲ廃止ス栄誉、勲章又ハ其ノ他ノ優遇ノ授與ニハ何等ノ特権モ附随セサルヘシ又右ノ授與ハ現ニ之ヲ有スル又ハ将来之ヲ受クル個人ノ生存中ヲ限リ其ノ効力ヲ失フヘシ
第十四条
人民ハ其ノ政府及皇位ノ終局的決定者ナリ彼等ハ其ノ公務員ヲ選定及罷免スル不可譲ノ権利ヲ有ス
一切ノ公務員ハ全社会ノ奴僕ニシテ如何ナル団体ノ奴僕ニモアラス
有ラユル選挙ニ於テ投票ノ秘密ハ不可侵ニ保タルヘシ選挙人ハ其ノ選択ニ関シ公的ニモ私的ニモ責ヲ問ハルルコト無カルヘシ
第十五条
何人モ損害ノ救済、公務員ノ罷免及法律、命令又ハ規則ノ制定、廃止又ハ改正ニ関シ平穏ニ請願ヲ為ス権利ヲ有ス又何人モ右ノ如キ請願ヲ主唱シタルコトノ為ニ如何ナル差別的待遇ヲモ受クルコト無カルヘシ
第十六条
外国人ハ平等ニ法律ノ保護ヲ受クル権利ヲ有ス
第十七条
何人モ奴隷、農奴又ハ如何ナル種類ノ奴隷役務ニ服セシメラルルコト無カルヘシ犯罪ノ為ノ処罰ヲ除クノ外本人ノ意思ニ反スル服役ハ之ヲ禁ス
第十八条
思想及良心ノ自由ハ不可侵タルヘシ
第十九条
宗教ノ自由ハ何人ニモ保障セラル如何ナル宗教団体モ国家ヨリ特別ノ特権ヲ受クルコト無カルヘク又政治上ノ権限ヲ行使スルコト無カルヘシ
何人モ宗教的ノ行為、祝典、式典又ハ行事ニ参加スルコトヲ強制セラレサルヘシ
国家及其ノ機関ハ宗教教育又ハ其ノ他如何ナル宗教的活動ヲモ為スヘカラス
第二十条
集会、言論及定期刊行物並ニ其ノ他一切ノ表現形式ノ自由ヲ保障ス検閲ハ之ヲ禁シ通信手段ノ秘密ハ之ヲ侵ス可カラス
第二十一条
結社、運動及住居選定ノ自由ハ一般ノ福祉ト抵触セサル範囲内ニ於テ何人ニモ之ヲ保障ス
何人モ外国ニ移住シ又ハ国籍ヲ変更スル自由ヲ有ス
第二十二条
学究上ノ自由及職業ノ選択ハ之ヲ保障ス
第二十三条
家族ハ人類社会ノ基底ニシテ其ノ伝統ハ善カレ悪シカレ国民ニ滲透ス婚姻ハ男女両性ノ法律上及社会上ノ争フ可カラサル平等ノ上ニ存シ両親ノ強要ノ代リニ相互同意ノ上ニ基礎ツケラレ且男性支配ノ代リニ協力ニ依リ維持セラルヘシ此等ノ原則ニ反スル諸法律ハ廃止セラレ配偶ノ選択、財産権、相続、住所ノ選定、離婚並ニ婚姻及家族ニ関スル其ノ他ノ事項ヲ個人ノ威厳及両性ノ本質的平等ニ立脚スル他ノ法律ヲ以テ之ニ代フヘシ
第二十四条
有ラユル生活範囲ニ於テ法律ハ社会的福祉、自由、正義及民主主義ノ向上発展ノ為ニ立案セラルヘシ
無償、普遍的且強制的ナル教育ヲ設立スヘシ
児童ノ私利的酷使ハ之ヲ禁止スヘシ
公共衛生ヲ改善スヘシ
社会的安寧ヲ計ルヘシ
労働条件、賃銀及勤務時間ノ規準ヲ定ムヘシ
第二十五条
何人モ働ク権利ヲ有ス
第二十六条
労働者ガ団結、商議及集団行為ヲ為ス権利ハ之ヲ保障ス
第二十七条
財産ヲ所有スル権利ハ不可侵ナリ然レトモ財産権ハ公共ノ福祉ニ従ヒ法律ニ依リ定義セラルヘシ
第二十八条
土地及一切ノ天然資源ノ究極的所有権ハ人民ノ集団的代表者トシテノ国家ニ帰属ス国家ハ土地又ハ其ノ他ノ天然資源ヲ其ノ保存、開発、利用又ハ管理ヲ確保又ハ改善スル為ニ公正ナル補償ヲ払ヒテ収用スルコトヲ得
第二十九条
財産ヲ所有スル者ハ義務ヲ負フ其ノ使用ハ公共ノ利益ノ為タルヘシ国家ハ公正ナル補償ヲ払ヒテ私有財産ヲ公共ノ利益ノ為ニ収用スルコトヲ得
第三十条
何人モ裁判所ノ当該官吏カ発給シ訴追ノ理由タル犯罪ヲ明示セル逮捕状ニ依ルニアラスシテ逮捕セラルルコト無カルヘシ但シ犯罪ノ実行中ニ逮捕セラルル場合ハ此ノ限ニ在ラス
第三十一条
何人モ訴追ノ趣旨ヲ直チニ告ケラルルコト無ク又ハ直チニ弁護人ヲ依頼スル特権ヲ與ヘラルルコト無クシテ逮捕又ハ拘留セラレサルヘシ何人モ交通禁断者トセラルルコト無カルヘシ何人モ適当ナル理由無クシテ拘留セラレサルヘシ要求アルトキハ右理由ハ公開廷ニテ本人及其ノ弁護人ノ面前ニ於テ直チニ開示セラルヘシ
第三十二条
何人モ国会ノ定ムル手続ニ依ルニアラサレハ其ノ生命若ハ自由ヲ奪ハレ又ハ刑罰ヲ科セラルルコト無カルヘシ又何人モ裁判所ニ上訴ヲ提起スル権利ヲ奪ハルコト無カルヘシ
第三十三条
人民カ其ノ身体、家庭、書類及所持品ニ対シ侵入、捜索及押収ヨリ保障セラルル権利ハ相当ノ理由ニ基キテノミ発給セラレ殊ニ捜索セラルヘキ場所及拘禁又ハ押収セラルヘキ人又ハ物ヲ表示セル司法逮捕状ニ依ルニアラスシテ害セラルルコト無カルヘシ
各捜索又ハ拘禁若ハ押収ハ裁判所ノ当該官吏ノ発給セル各別ノ逮捕状ニ依リ行ハルヘシ
第三十四条
公務員ニ依ル拷問ハ絶対ニ之ヲ禁ス
第三十五条
過大ナル保釈金ヲ要求スヘカラス又残虐若ハ異常ナル刑罰ヲ科スヘカラス
第三十六条
一切ノ刑事訴訟事件ニ於テ被告人ハ公平ナル裁判所ノ迅速ナル公開裁判ヲ受クル権利ヲ享有スヘシ
刑事被告人ハ一切ノ証人ヲ反対訊問スル有ラユル機会ヲ與へラルヘク又自己ノ為ノ証人ヲ公費ヲ以テ獲得スル強制的手続ニ対スル権利ヲ有スヘシ
被告人ハ常ニ資格アル弁護人ヲ依頼シ得へク若シ自己ノ努力ニ依リ弁護人ヲ得ル能ハサルトキハ政府ニ依リ弁護人ヲ附添セラルヘシ
第三十七条
何人モ管轄権有ル裁判所ニ依ルニアラサレハ有罪ト宣言セラルルコト無カルヘシ
何人モ同一ノ犯罪ニ因リ再度厄ニ遭フコト無カルヘシ
第三十八条
何人モ自己ニ不利益ナル証言ヲ為スコトヲ強要セラレサルヘシ
自白ハ強制、拷問若ハ脅迫ノ下ニ為サレ又ハ長期ニ亘ル逮捕若ハ拘留ノ後ニ為サレタルトキハ証拠トシテ許容セラレサルヘシ
何人モ自己ニ不利益ナル唯一ノ証拠カ自己ノ自白ナル場合ニ於テハ有罪ノ判決又ハ刑ノ宣告ヲ受クルコト無カルヘシ
第三十九条
何人モ実行ノ時ニ於テ合法ナリシ行為ニ因リ刑罰ヲ科セラルルコト無カルヘシ
第四章 国会
第四十条
国会ハ国家ノ権力ノ最高ノ機関ニシテ国家ノ唯一ノ法律制定機関タルヘシ
第四十一条
国会ハ三百人ヨリ少カラス五百人ヲ越エサル選挙セラレタル議員ヨリ成ル単一ノ院ヲ以テ構成ス
第四十二条
選挙人及国会議員候補者ノ資格ハ法律ヲ以テ之ヲ定ムヘシ而シテ右資格ヲ定ムルニ当リテハ性別、人種、信条、皮膚色又ハ社会上ノ身分ニ因リ何等ノ差別ヲ為スヲ得ス
第四十三条
国会議員ハ国庫ヨリ法律ノ定ムル適当ノ報酬ヲ受クヘシ
第四十四条
国会議員ハ法律ノ規定スル場合ヲ除クノ外如何ナル場合ニ於テモ国会ノ議事ニ出席中又ハ之ニ出席スル為ノ往復ノ途中ニ於テ逮捕セラルルコト無カルヘク又国会ニ於ケル演説、討議又ハ投票ニ因リ国会以外ニ於テ法律上ノ責ヲ問ハルルコト無カルヘシ
第四十五条
国会議員ノ任期ハ四年トス然レトモ此ノ憲法ノ規定スル国会解散ニ因リ満期以前ニ終了スルコトヲ得
第四十六条
選挙、任命及投票ノ方法ハ法律ニ依リ之ヲ定ムヘシ
第四十七条
国会ハ少クトモ毎年一回之ヲ召集スヘシ
第四十八条
内閣ハ臨時議会ヲ召集スルコトヲ得国会議員ノ二割ヨリ少カラサル者ノ請願アリタルトキハ之ヲ召集スルコトヲ要ス
第四十九条
国会ハ選挙及議員ノ資格ノ唯一ノ裁決者タルヘシ当選ノ証明ヲ有スルモ其ノ効力ニ疑アル者ノ当選ヲ拒否セントスルトキハ出席議員ノ多数決ニ依ルヲ要ス
第五十条
議事ヲ行フニ必要ナル定足数ハ議員全員ノ三分ノ一ヨリ少カラサル数トス此ノ憲法ニ規定スル場合ヲ除クノ外国会ノ行為ハ凡ヘテ出席議員ノ多数決ニ依ルヘシ可否同数ナルトキハ議長ノ決スル所ニ依ル
第五十一条
国会ハ議長及其ノ他ノ役員ヲ選定スヘシ国会ハ議事規則ヲ定メ並ニ議員ヲ無秩序ナル行動ニ因リ処罰及除名スルコトヲ得議員除名ノ動議有リタル場合ニ之ヲ実行セントスルトキハ出席議員ノ三分ノ二ヨリ少カラサル者ノ賛成ヲ要ス
第五十二条
法律ハ法律案ニ依ルニアラサレハ之ヲ議決スルコトヲ得ス
第五十三条
国会ノ議事ハ之ヲ公開スヘク秘密会議ハ之ヲ開クコトヲ得ス国会ハ其ノ議事ノ記録ヲ保存シ且発表スヘク一般公衆ハ此ノ記録ヲ入手シ得ヘシ出席議員二割ノ要求アルトキハ議題ニ対スル各議員ノ賛否ヲ議事録ニ記載スヘシ
第五十四条
国会ハ調査ヲ行ヒ証人ノ出頭及証言供述並ニ記録ノ提出ヲ強制シ且之ニ応セサル者ヲ処罰スル権限ヲ有スヘシ
第五十五条
国会ハ出席議員ノ多数決ヲ以テ総理大臣ヲ指定スヘシ総理大臣ノ指定ハ国会ノ他ノ一切ノ事務ニ優先シテ行ハルヘシ
国会ハ諸般ノ国務大臣ヲ設定スヘシ
第五十六条
総理大臣及国務大臣ハ国会ニ議席ヲ有スルト否トニ拘ハラス何時ニテモ法律案ヲ提出シ討論スル目的ヲ以テ出席スルコトヲ得質問ニ答弁スルコトヲ要求セラレタルトキハ出席スヘシ
第五十七条
内閣ハ国会カ全議員ノ多数決ヲ以テ不信任案ノ決議ヲ通過シタル後又ハ信任案ヲ通過セサリシ後十日以内ニ辞職シ又ハ国会ニ解散ヲ命スヘシ国会カ解散ヲ命セラレタルトキハ解散ノ日ヨリ三十日ヨリ少カラス四十日ヲ超エサル期間内ニ特別選挙ヲ行フヘシ新タニ選挙セラレタル国会ハ選挙ノ日ヨリ三十日以内ニ之ヲ召集スヘシ
第五十八条
国会ハ罷免訴訟ノ被告タル司法官ヲ裁判スル為議員中ヨリ弾劾裁判所ヲ構成スヘシ
第五十九条
国会ハ此ノ憲法ノ規定ヲ施行スル為必要ニシテ適当ナル一切ノ法律ヲ制定スヘシ
第五章 内閣
第六十条
行政権ハ内閣ニ帰属ス
第六十一条
内閣ハ其ノ首長タル総理大臣及国会ニ依リ授権セラルル其ノ他ノ国務大臣ヲ以テ構成ス
内閣ハ行政権ノ執行ニ当リ国会ニ対シ集団的ニ責任ヲ負フ
第六十二条
総理大臣ハ国会ノ輔弼及協賛ヲ以テ国務大臣ヲ任命スヘシ
総理大臣ハ個々ノ国務大臣ヲ任意ニ罷免スルコトヲ得
第六十三条
総理大臣欠員ト為リタルトキ又ハ新国会ヲ召集シタルトキハ内閣ハ総辞職ヲ為スヘク新総理大臣指名セラルヘシ
右指名アルマテハ内閣ハ其ノ責務ヲ行フヘシ
第六十四条
総理大臣ハ内閣ニ代リテ法律案ヲ提出シ一般国務及外交関係ヲ国会ニ報告シ並ニ行政府ノ各部及各支部ノ指揮及監督ヲ行フ
第六十五条
内閣ハ他ノ行政的責任ノホカ
法律ヲ忠実ニ執行シ国務ヲ管理スヘシ
外交関係ヲ処理スヘシ
公共ノ利益ト認ムル条約、国際規約及協定ヲ事前ノ授権又ハ事後ノ追認ニ依ル国会ノ協賛ヲ以テ締結スヘシ
国会ノ定ムル規準ニ従ヒ内政事務ヲ処理スヘシ
年次予算ヲ作成シテ之ヲ国会ニ提出スヘシ
此ノ憲法及法律ノ規定ヲ実行スル為命令及規則ヲ発スヘシ然レトモ右命令又ハ規則ハ刑罰規定ヲ包含スヘカラス
大赦、恩赦、減刑、執行猶予及復権ヲ賦與スヘシ
第六十六条
一切ノ国会制定法及行政命令ハ当該国務大臣之ニ署名シ総理大臣之ニ副署スヘシ
第六十七条
内閣大臣ハ総理大臣ノ承諾無クシテ在任中訴追セラルルコト無カルヘシ然レトモ此ノ理由ニ因リ如何ナル訴権モ害セラルルコトナシ
第六章 司法
第六十八条
強力ニシテ独立ナル司法府ハ人民ノ権利ノ堡塁ニシテ全司法権ハ最高法院及国会ノ随時設置スル下級裁判所ニ帰属ス
特別裁判所ハ之ヲ設置スヘカラス又行政府ノ如何ナル機関又ハ支部ニモ最終的司法権ヲ賦與スヘカラス
判事ハ凡ヘテ其ノ良心ノ行使ニ於テ独立タルヘク此ノ憲法及其レニ基キ制定セラルル法律ニノミ拘束セラルヘシ
第六十九条
最高法院ハ規則制定権ヲ有シ其レニ依リ訴訟手続規則、弁護士ノ資格、裁判所ノ内部規律、司法行政並ニ司法権ノ自由ナル行使ニ関係アル其ノ他ノ事項ヲ定ム
検事ハ裁判所ノ職員ニシテ裁判所ノ規則制定権ニ服スヘシ
最高法院ハ下級裁判所ノ規則ヲ制定スル権限ヲ下級裁判所ニ委任スルコトヲ得
第七十条
判事ハ公開ノ弾劾ニ依リテノミ罷免スルコトヲ得行政機関又ハ支部ニ依リ懲戒処分ニ附セラルルコト無カルヘシ
第七十一条
最高法院ハ首席判事及国会ノ定ムル員数ノ普通判事ヲ以テ構成ス右判事ハ凡ヘテ内閣ニ依リ任命セラレ不都合ノ所為無キ限リ満七十歳ニ到ルマテ其ノ職ヲ免セラルルコト無カルヘシ但シ右任命ハ凡ヘテ任命後最初ノ総選挙ニ於テ、爾後ハ次ノ先位確認後十暦年経過直後行ハルル総選挙ニ於テ、審査セラルヘシ若シ選挙民カ判事ノ罷免ヲ多数決ヲ以テ議決シタルトキハ右判事ノ職ハ欠員ト為ルヘシ
右ノ如キ判事ハ凡ヘテ定期ニ適当ノ報酬ヲ受クヘシ報酬ハ任期中減額セラルルコト無カルヘシ
第七十二条
下級裁判所ノ判事ハ各欠員ニ付最高法院ノ指名スル少クトモ二人以上ノ候補者ノ氏名ヲ包含スル表ノ中ヨリ内閣之ヲ任命スヘシ右判事ハ凡ヘテ十年ノ任期ヲ有スヘク再任ノ特権ヲ有シ定期ニ適当ノ報酬ヲ受クヘシ報酬ハ任期中減額セラルルコト無カルヘシ判事ハ満七十歳ニ達シタルトキハ退職スヘシ
第七十三条
最高法院ハ最終裁判所ナリ法律、命令、規則又ハ官憲ノ行為ノ憲法上合法ナリヤ否ヤノ決定カ問題ト為リタルトキハ憲法第三章ニ基ク又ハ関連スル有ラユル場合ニ於テハ最高法院ノ判決ヲ以テ最終トス法律、命令、規則又ハ官憲ノ行為ノ憲法上合法ナリヤ否ヤノ決定カ問題ト為リタル其ノ他有ラユル場合ニ於テハ国会ハ最高法院ノ判決ヲ再審スルコトヲ得
再審ニ附スルコトヲ得ル最高法院ノ判決ハ国会議員全員ノ三分ノ二ノ賛成ヲ以テノミ之ヲ破棄スルコトヲ得国会ハ最高法院ノ判決ノ再審ニ関スル手続規則ヲ制定スヘシ
第七十四条
外国ノ大使、公使及領事官ニ関係アル一切ノ事件ニ於テハ最高法院ハ専属的原始管轄ヲ有ス
第七十五条
裁判ハ公開廷ニ於テ行ヒ判決ハ公然言ヒ渡スヘシ然レトモ裁判所カ公開ヲ公ノ秩序又ハ善良ノ風俗ニ害有リト全員一致ヲ以テ決スルトキハ非公開ニテ裁判ヲ行フコトヲ得但シ政治的犯罪、定期刊行物ノ犯罪及此ノ憲法第三章ノ確保スル人民ノ権利カ問題ト為レル場合ニ於ケル裁判ハ例外ナク公開セラルヘシ
第七章 財政
第七十六条
租税ヲ徴シ、金銭ヲ借入レ、資金ヲ使用シ並ニ硬貨及通貨ヲ発行シ及其ノ価格ヲ規整スル権限ハ国会ヲ通シテ行使セラルヘシ
第七十七条
国会ノ行為ニ依リ又ハ国会ノ定ムル条件ニ依ルニアラサレハ新タニ租税ヲ課シ又ハ現行ノ租税ヲ変更スルコトヲ得ス
此ノ憲法発布ノ時ニ於テ効力ヲ有スル一切ノ租税ハ現行ノ規則カ国会ニ依リ変更セラルルマテ引キ続キ現行ノ規則ニ従ヒ徴集セラルヘシ
第七十八条
充当スヘキ特別予算無クシテ契約ヲ締結スヘカラス
又国会ノ承認ヲ得ルニアラサレハ国家ノ資産ヲ貸與スヘカラス
第七十九条
内閣ハ一切ノ支出計画並ニ歳入及借入予想ヲ含ム次期会計年度ノ全財政計画ヲ示ス年次予算ヲ作成シ之ヲ国会ニ提出スヘシ
第八十条
国会ハ予算ノ項目ヲ不承認、減額、増額若ハ却下シ又ハ新タナル項目ヲ追加スルコトヲ得
国会ハ如何ナル会計年度ニ於テモ借入金額ヲ含ム同年度ノ予想歳入ヲ超過スル金銭ヲ支出スヘカラス
第八十一条
予期セサル予算ノ不足ニ備フル為内閣ノ直接監督ノ下ニ支出スヘキ予備費ヲ設クルコトヲ許スコトヲ得
内閣ハ予備費ヲ以テスル一切ノ支出ニ関シ国会ニ対シ責任ヲ負フヘシ
第八十二条
世襲財産ヲ除クノ外皇室ノ一切ノ財産ハ国民ニ帰属スヘシ一切ノ皇室財産ヨリスル収入ハ国庫ニ納入スヘシ而シテ法律ノ規定スル皇室ノ手当及費用ハ国会ニ依リ年次予算ニ於テ支弁セラルヘシ
第八十三条
公共ノ金銭又ハ財産ハ如何ナル宗教制度、宗教団体若ハ社団ノ使用、利益若ハ支持ノ為又ハ国家ノ管理ニ服ササル如何ナル慈善、教育若ハ博愛ノ為ニモ充当セラルルコト無カルヘシ
第八十四条
会計検査院ハ毎年国家ノ一切ノ支出及歳入ノ最終的会計検査ヲ為シ内閣ハ次年度中ニ之ヲ国会ニ提出スヘシ
会計検査院ノ組織及権限ハ国会之ヲ定ムヘシ
第八十五条
内閣ハ定期ニ且少クトモ毎年財政状態ヲ国会及人民ニ報告スヘシ
第八章 地方政治
第八十六条
府県知事、市長、町長、徴税権ヲ有スル其ノ他ノ一切ノ下級自治体及法人ノ行政長、府県議会及地方議会ノ議員並ニ国会ノ定ムル其ノ他ノ府県及地方役員ハ夫レ夫レ其ノ社会内ニ於テ直接普通選挙ニ依リ選挙セラルヘシ
第八十七条
首都地方、市及町ノ住民ハ彼等ノ財産、事務及政治ヲ処理シ並ニ国会ノ制定スル法律ノ範囲内ニ於テ彼等自身ノ憲章ヲ作成スル権利ヲ奪ハルルコト無カルヘシ
第八十八条
国会ハ一般法律ノ適用セラレ得ル首都地方、市又ハ町ニ適用セラルヘキ地方的又ハ特別ノ法律ヲ通過スヘカラス但シ右社会ノ選挙民ノ大多数ノ受諾ヲ条件トスルトキハ此ノ限ニ在ラス
第九章 改正
第八十九条
此ノ憲法ノ改正ハ議員全員ノ三分ノ二ノ賛成ヲ以テ国会之ヲ発議シ人民ニ提出シテ承認ヲ求ムヘシ人民ノ承認ハ国会ノ指定スル選挙ニ於テ賛成投票ノ多数決ヲ以テ之ヲ為スヘシ
右ノ承認ヲ経タル改正ハ直ニ此ノ憲法ノ要素トシテ人民ノ名ニ於テ皇帝之ヲ公布スヘシ
第十章 至上法
第九十条
此ノ憲法並ニ之ニ基キ制定セラルル法律及条約ハ国民ノ至上法ニシテ其ノ規定ニ反スル公ノ法律若ハ命令及詔勅若ハ其ノ他ノ政治上ノ行為又ハ其ノ部分ハ法律上ノ効力ヲ有セサルヘシ
第九十一条
皇帝皇位ニ即キタルトキ並ニ摂政、国務大臣、国会議員、司法府員及其ノ他ノ一切ノ公務員其ノ官職ニ就キタルトキハ、此ノ憲法ヲ尊重擁護スル義務ヲ負フ
此ノ憲法ノ効力発生スル時ニ於テ官職ニ在ル一切ノ公務員ハ右ト同様ノ義務ヲ負フヘク其ノ後任者ノ選挙又ハ任命セラルルマテ其ノ官職ニ止マルヘシ
第十一章 承認
第九十二条
此ノ憲法ハ国会カ出席議員三分ノ二ノ氏名点呼ニ依リ之ヲ承認シタル時ニ於テ確立スヘシ
国会ノ承認ヲ得タルトキハ皇帝ハ此ノ憲法カ国民ノ至上法トシテ確立セラレタル旨ヲ人民ノ名ニ於テ直ニ宣布スヘシ
後記
国立国会図書館の憲政資料室に所蔵されているマイクロフィルム化された、佐藤達夫文書中の日本国憲法（マッカーサー草案の外務省仮訳）に基づいて、使用されている旧漢字は常用漢字等に変更した。（写し１）
外務省仮訳 : 英文原文 : 資料の写し
constitution of japan
we, the japanese people, acting through our duly elected representatives in the national diet, determined that we shall secure for ourselves and our posterity the fruits of peaceful cooperation with all nations and the blessings of liberty throughout this land, and resolved that never again shall we be visited with the horrors of war through the action of government, do proclaim the sovereignty of the people's will and do ordain and establish this constitution, founded upon the universal principle that government is a sacred trust the authority for which is derived from the people, the powers of which are exercised by the representatives of the people, and the benefits of which are enjoyed by the people; and we reject and revoke all constitutions, ordinances, laws and rescripts in conflict herewith.
desiring peace for all time and fully conscious of the high ideals controlling human relationship now stirring mankind, we have determined to rely for our security and survival upon the justice and good faith of the peace-loving peoples of the world. we desire to occupy an honored place in an international society designed and dedicated to the preservation of peace, and the banishment of tyranny and slavery, oppression and intolerance, for all time from the earth. we recognize and acknowledge that all peoples have the right to live in peace, free from fear and want.
we hold that no people is responsible to itself alone, but that laws of political morality are universal; and that obedience to such laws is incumbent upon all peoples who would sustain their own sovereignty and justify their sovereign relationship with other peoples.
to these high principles and purposes we, the japanese people, pledge our national honor, determined will and full resources.
chapter i the emperor
article i.
the emperor shall be the symbol of the state and the unity of the people, deriving his position from the sovereign will of the people, and from no other source.
article ii.
succession to the imperial throne shall be dynastic and in accordance with such imperial house law as the diet may enact.
article iii.
the advice and consent of the cabinet shall be required for all acts of the emperor in matters of state, and the cabinet shall be responsible therefor.
the emperor shall perform only such state functions as are provided for in this constitution. he shall have no governmental powers, nor shall he assume nor be granted such powers.
the emperor may delegate his functions in such manner as may be provided by law.
article iv.
when a regency is instituted in conformity with the provisions of such imperial house law as the diet may enact, the duties of the emperor shall be performed by the regent in the name of the emperor; and the limitations on the functions of the emperor contained herein shall apply with equal force to the regent.
article v.
the emperor appoints as prime minister the person designated by the diet.
article vi.
acting only on the advice and with the consent of the cabinet, the emperor, on behalf of the people, shall perform the following state functions;
affix his official seal to and proclaim all laws enacted by the diet, all cabinet orders, all amendments to this constitution, and all treaties and international conventions;
convoke sessions of the diet;
dissolve the diet;
proclaim general elections;
attest the appointment or commission and resignation or dismissal of ministers of state, ambassadors and those other state officials whose appointment or commission and resignation or dismissal may by law be attested in this manner;
attest grants of amnesty, pardons, commutation of punishment, reprieves and rehabilitation;
award honors;
receive ambassadors and ministers of foreign states; and
perform appropriate ceremonial functions.
article vii.
no grants of money or other property shall be made to the imperial throne, and no expenditures shall be made by the imperial throne, unless authorized by the diet.
chapter ii renunciation of war
article viii.
war as a sovereign right of nation is abolished. the threat or use of force is forever renounced as a means for settling disputes with any other nation.
no army, navy, air force, or other war potential will ever be authorized and no rights of belligerency will ever be conferred upon the state.
chapter iii rights and duties of the people
article ix.
the people of japan are entitled to the enjoyment without interference of all fundamental human rights.
article x.
the fundamental human rights by this constitution guaranteed to the people of japan result from the age-old struggle of man to be free. they have survived the exacting test for durability in the crucible of time and experience, and are conferred upon this and future generations in sacred trust, to be held for all time inviolate.
article xi.
the freedoms, rights and opportunities enunciated by this constitution are maintained by the eternal vigilance of the people and involve an obligation on the part of the people to prevent their abuse and to employ them always for the common good.
article xii.
the feudal system of japan shall cease.
all japanese by virtue of their humanity shall be respected as individuals. their right to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness within the limits of the general welfare shall be the supreme consideration of all law and of all governmental action.
article xiii.
all natural persons are equal before the law. no discrimination shall be authorized or tolerated in political, economic or social relations on account of race, creed, sex, social status, caste or national origin.
no patent of nobility shall from this time forth embody within itself any national or civic power of government.
no rights of peerage except those of the imperial dynasty shall extend beyond the lives of those now in being.
no special privilege shall accompany any award of honor, decoration or other distinction; nor shall any such award be valid beyond the lifetime of the individual who now holds or hereafter may receive it.
article xiv.
the people are the ultimate arbiters of their government and of the imperial throne. they have the inalienable right to choose their public officials and to dismiss them.
all public officials are servants of the whole community and not of any special groups.
in all elections, secrecy of the ballot shall be kept inviolate, nor shall any voter be answerable, publicly or privately, for the choice he has made.
article xv.
every person has the right of peaceful petition for the redress of grievances for the removal of public officials and for the enactment, repeal or amendment of laws, ordinances or regulations; nor shall any person be in any way discriminated against for sponsoring such a petition.
article xvi.
aliens shall be entitled to the equal protection of law.
article xvii.
no person shall be held in enslavement, serfdom or bondage of any kind. involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime, is prohibited.
article xviii.
freedom oｆ thought and conscience shall be held inviolable．
arlicle xix.
freedom of religion is guaranteed to all. no religious organization shall receive special privileges from the state，nor exercise political authority．
no person shall be compelled to take part in any religious acts，celebrations，rites or practices.
the state and its organs shall refrain from religious education or any other religious activity.
article xx.
freedom of assembly，speech and press and all other forms of expression are guaranteed.
no censorship shall be maintained，nor shall the secrecy of any means of communication be violated.
article xxi.
freedom of association, movement and choice of abode are guaranteed to every person to the extent they do not conflict with the general welfare.
all persons shall be free to emigrate and to change their nationality.
article xxii.
academic freedom and choice of occupation are guaranteed.
article xxiii.
the family is the basis of human society and its traditions for good or evil permeate the nation.
marriage shall rest upon the indisputable legal and social equality of both sexes， founded upon mutual consent instead of parental coercion， and maintained through cooperation instead of male domination. laws contrary to these principles shall be abolished， and replaced by others viewing choice of spouse, property rights，inheritance， choice of domicile， divorce and other matters pertaining to marriage and the family from the standpoint of individual dignity and the essential equality of the sexes.
article xxiv.
in all spheres of life, laws shall be designed for the promotion and extension of social welfare, and of freedom, justice and democracy.
free，universal and compulsory education shall be established.
the exploitation of children shall be prohibited.
the public health shall be promoted.
social security shall be provided.
standards for working conditions, wages and hours shall be fixed.
article xxv.
all men have the right to work.
article xxvi.
the right of workers to organize and to bargain and act collectively is guaranteed.
article xxvii.
the right to own property is inviolable, but property rights shall be defined by law, in conformity with the public welfare.
article xxviii.
the ultimate fee to the land and to all natural resources reposes in the state as the collective representative of the people. land and other natural resources are subject to the right of the state to take them, upon just compensation therefor, for the purpose of securing and promoting the conservation, development, utilization and control thereof.
article xxix.
0wnership of property imposes obligations. its use shall be in the public good.
private property may be taken by the state for public use upon just compensation therefor.
article xxx.
no person shall be apprehended except upon warrant issued by a competent officer of a court of law specifying the offense upon which the person is charged, unless he is apprehended while committing a crime.
article xxxi.
no person shall be arrested or detained without being at once informed of the charges against him nor without the immediate privilege of counsel;
he shall not be held incommunicado；
he shall not be detained without adequate cause;
and upon demand of any person such cause must be immediately shown in open court in his presence and the presence of his counsel.
article xxxii.
no person shall be deprived of life or liberty, nor shall any criminal penalty be imposed, except according to procedures established by the diet, nor shall any person be denied the right of appeal to the courts.
article xxxiii.
the right of the people to be secure in their persons, homes, papers and effects against entries, searches and seizures shall not be impaired except upon judicial warrant issued only for probable cause, and particularly describing the place to be searched and the person or things to be seized.
each search or seizure shall be made upon separate warrant issued for the purpose by a competent officer of a court of law.
article xxxiv.
the infliction of torture by any public officer is absolutely forbidden.
article xxxv.
excessive bail shall not be required, nor cruel or unusual punishments inflicted.
article xxxvi.
in all criminal cases the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial tribunal.
he shall be permitted full opportunity to cross-examine all witnesses, and he shall have the right of compulsory process for obtaining witnesses on his behalf at public expense.
at all times the accused shall have the assistance of competent counsel who shall, if the accused be unable to secure the same by his own efforts, be assigned to his use by the government.
article xxxvii.
no person shall be declared guilty of a crime except by a court of competent jurisdiction.
no person shall be twice placed in jeopardy for the same offense.
article xxxviii.
no person shall be compelled to testify against himself.
no confession shall be admitted in evidence if made under compulsion, torture or threat, or after prolonged arrest or detention.
no person shall be convicted or punished in cases where the only proof against him is his own confession.
article xxxix.
no person shall be held criminally liable for an act lawful at the time it was committed.
chapter iv the diet
article xl.
the diet shall be the highest organ of state power and shall be the sole law-making authority of the state.
article xli.
the diet shall consist of one house of elected representatives with a membership of not less than 300 nor more than 500.
article xlii.
the qualifications of electors and of candidates for election to the diet shall be determined by law, and in determining such qualifications there shall be no discrimination because of sex, race, creed, color or social status.
article xliii.
members of the diet shall receive adequate compensation from the national treasury as determined by law.
article xliv.
members of the diet shall in all cases, except those specified by law, be free from arrest while attending the sessions of the diet or while travelling to and from such sessions; and for any speech, debate, or vote in the diet, they shall not be held legally liable elsewhere.
article xlv.
the term of the members shall be four years, but it may be terminated at an earlier date by dissolution of the diet as provided herein.
article xlvi.
the method of election, apportionment, and voting shall be determined by law.
article xlvii.
the diet shall convene at least once in every year.
article xlviii.
the cabinet may call special sessions and shall do so on petition of not less than twenty per cent of the members of the diet.
article xlvix.
the diet shall be the sole judge of the elections and the qualifications of its members. the denial of a seat to anyone who is certified to have been elected and whose right to the seat has been questioned shall require the vote of a majority of the members present.
article l.
a quorum to transact business shall consist of not less than one-third of all the members.
except as otherwise provided herein all actions of the diet shall be by majority vote of those present. in case of a tie the presiding officer shall cast the deciding vote.
article li.
the diet shall choose its presiding officer and other officials. it may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish members for disorderly behavior and expel them. on a motion for expulsion of a member a vote of not less than two-thirds of the members present shall be required to effect such expulsion.
article lii.
no law shall be passed except by bill.
article liii.
the deliberations of the diet shall be public, and no secret sessions shall be held. the diet shall maintain and publish a record of its proceedings and this record shall be made available to the public. the individual votes of members on any question shall be recorded in the journal upon the demand of twenty per cent of those present.
article liv.
the diet shall have the power to conduct investigations, to compel the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of records, and to punish for refusal to comply.
article lv.
the diet by a majority vote of those present shall designate the prime minister. the designation of a prime minister shall take precedence over all other business of the diet.
the diet shall establish the several ministries of state.
article lvi.
the prime minister and the ministers of state whether or not they hold seats in the diet may at any time appear before that body for the purpose of presenting and arguing bills, and shall appear when required to answer interpellations.
article lvii.
withing ten days after the passage of a resolution of non-confidence or the failure to pass a resolution of confidence by a majority of the total membership of the diet, the cabinet shall resign or order the diet to dissolve. when the diet has been ordered dissolved a special election of a new diet shall be held not less than thirty days nor more than forty days after the date of dissolution. the newly elected diet shall be convoked within thirty days after the date of election.
article lviii.
the diet shall constitute from among its members a court of impeachment to try members of the judiciary against whom removal proceedings have been instituted.
article lix.
the diet shall enact all laws necessary and proper to carry into execution the provisions of this constitution.
chapter v the cabinet
article lx.
the executive power is vested in a cabinet.
article lxi.
the cabinet consists of a prime minister, who is its head, and such other ministers of state as may be outhorized by the diet.
in the exercise of the executive power, the cabinet is collectively responsible to the diet.
article lxii.
the prime minister shall with the advice and consent of the diet appoint ministers of state.
the prime minister may remove individual ministers at will.
article lxiii.
whenever a vacancy occurs in the office of prime minister or upon the convening of a new diet, the cabinet shall collectively resign and a new prime minister shall be designated.
pending such designation, the cabinet shall continue to perform its duties.
article lxiv.
the prime minister introduces bills on behalf of the cabinet, reports to the diet on general affairs of state and the status of foreign relations, and exercises control and supervision over the several executive departments and agencies.
article lxv.
in addition to other executive responsibilities, the cabinet shall:
faithfully execute the laws and administer the affairs of slate;
conduct foreign relations；
conclude such treaties, international conventions and agreements with the consent of the diet by prior authorization or subsequent ratification as it deems in the public interest;
administer the civil service according to standards established by the diet；
prepare and submit to the diet an annual budget；
issue orders and regulations to carry out the provisions of this constitution and the law, but no such order or regulation shall contain a penal provisions；and
grant amnesty, pardon, commutation of punishment, reprieve and rehabilitation.
article lxvi.
the competent minister of state shall sign and the prime minister shall countersign all acts of the diet and executive orders.
article lxvii.
cabinet ministers shall not be subject to judicial process during their tenure of office without the consent of the prime minister, but no right of action shall be impaired by reason hereof.
chapter vi judiciary
article lxviii.
a strong and independent judiciary being the bulwark of the people's rights, the whole judicial power is vested in a supreme court and in such inferior courts as the diet shall from time to time establish.
no extraordinary tribunal shall be established, nor shall any organ or agency of the executive be given final judicial power.
all judges shall be independent in the exercise of their conscience and shall be bound only by this constitution and the laws enacted pursuant thereto.
article lxix.
the supreme court is vested with the rule-making power under which it determines the rules of practice and of procedure, the admission of attorneys, the internal discipline of the courts, the administration of judicial affairs, and such other matters as may properly affect the free exercise of the judicial power.
public procurators shall be officers of the court and subject to its rule-making power.
the supreme court may delegate the power to make rules for inferior courts to such courts.
article lxx.
removals of judges shall be accomplished by public impeachment only and no disciplinary action shall be administered them by any executive organ or agency.
article lxxi.
the supreme court shall consist of a chief justice and such number of associate justices as may be determined by the diet. all such justices shall be appointed by the cabinet and shall hold office during good behavior but not after the attainment of the age of 70 years, provided however that all such appointments shall be reviewed at the first general election held following the appointment and thereafter at every general election held immediately following the expiration of ten calendar years from the next prior confirmation. upon a majority vote of the electorate not to retain the incumbent the office shall become vacant.
all such justices shall receive, at regular, stated intervals, adequate compensation which shall not be decreased during their terms of office.
article lxxii.
the judges of the inferior courts shall be appointed by the cabinet from a list which for each vacancy shall contain the names of at least two persons nominated by the supreme court. all such justices shall hold office for a term of ten years with privilege of reappointment and shall receive, at regular, stated intervals, adequate compensation which shall not be decreased during their terms of office. no judge shall hold office after attaining the age of 70 years.
article lxxiii.
the supreme court is the court of last resort. where the determination of the constitutionality of any law, order, regulation or official act is in question, the judgment of the supreme court in all cases arising under or involving chapter iii of this constitution is final; in all other cases where determination of the constitutionality of any law, ordinance, regulation or official act is in question, the judgment of the court is subject to review by the diet.
a judgment of the supreme court which is subject to review may be set aside only by the concurring vote of two-thirds of the whole number of representatives of the diet. the diet shall establish rules of procedure for reviewing decisions of the supreme court.
article lxxiv.
in all cases affecting ambassadors, ministers and consuls of foreign states, the supreme court has exclusive original jurisdiction.
article lxxv.
trials shall be conducted and judgment declared publicly. where, however, a court unanimously determines publicity to be dangerous to public order or morals, a trial may be conducted privately, but trials of political offenses, offenses of the press, and cases wherein the rights of citizens as reserved in chapter iii of this constitution are in question, shall be conducted publicly without exception.
chapter vii finance
article lxxvi.
the power to levy taxes, borrow money, appropriate funds, issue and regulate the value of coins and currency shall be exercised through the diet.
article lxxvii.
no new taxes shall be imposed or existing ones modified except by action of the diet or under such conditions as the diet may prescribe.
all taxes in effect at the time this constitution is promulgated shall continue to be collected under existing regulations until changed or modified by the diet.
article lxxviii.
no contract shall be entered into in the absence of an appropriation therefor, nor shall the credit of the state be pledged except as authorized by the diet.
article lxxix.
the cabinet shall prepare and submit to the diet an annual budget setting forth the complete government fiscal program for the next ensuing fiscal year, including all proposed expenditures, anticipated revenues and borrowings.
article lxxx.
the diet may disapprove, reduce, increase or reject any item in the budget or add new items.
the diet shall appropriate no money for any fiscal year in excess of the anticipated income for that period, including the proceeds of any borrowings.
article lxxxi.
in order to provide for unforeseen deficiencies in the budget a reserve fund may be authorized to be expended under the direct supervision of the cabinet.
the cabinet shall be held accountable to the diet for all payments from the reserve fund.
article lxxxii.
all property of the imperial household, other than the hereditary estates, shall belong to the nation. the income from all imperial properties shall be paid into the national treasury, and allowances and expenses of the imperial household , as defined by law, shall be appropriated by the diet in the annual budget.
article lxxxiii.
no public money or property shall be appropriated for the use, benefit or support of any system of religion, or religious institution or association, or for any charitable, educational or benevolent purposes not under the control of the state.
article lxxxiv.
a final audit of all expenditures and revenues of the sate shall be made annually by a board of audit and submitted by the cabinet to the diet during the fiscal year immediately following the period covered.
the organization and competency of the board of audit shall be determined by the diet.
article lxxxv.
at regular intervals and at least annually the cabinet shall report to the diet and the people on the state of public finances.
chapter viii local government
article lxxxvi.
the governors of prefectures, the mayors of cities and towns and the chief executive officers of all other subordinate bodies politic and corporate having taxing power, the members of prefectural and local legislative assemblies, and such other prefectural and local officials as the diet may determine, shall be elected by direct popular vote within their several communities.
article lxxxvii.
the inhabitants of metropolitan areas, cities and towns shall be secure in their right to manage their property, affairs and government and to frame their own charters within such laws as the diet may enact.
article lxxxviii.
the diet shall pass no local or special act applicable to a metropolitan area, city or town where a general act can be made applicable, unless it be made subject to the acceptance of a majority of the electorate of such community.
chapter ix amendments
article lxxxix.
amendments to this constitution shall be initiated by the diet, through a concurring vote of two-thirds of all its members, and shall thereupon be submitted to the people for ratification, which shall require the affirmative vote of a majority of all votes cast thereon at such election as the diet shall specify.
amendments when so ratified shall immediately be proclaimed by the emperor, in the name of the people, as an integral part of this constitution.
chapter x supreme law
article xc.
this constitution and the laws and treaties made in pursuance hereof shall be the supreme law of the nation, and no public law or ordinance and no imperial rescript or other governmental act, or part thereof, contrary to the provisions hereof shall have legal force or validity.
article xci.
the emperor, upon succeeding to the throne, and the regent, ministers of state, members of the diet, members of the judiciary and all other public officers upon assuming office, shall be bound to uphold and protect this constitution.
all public officials duly holding office when this constitution takes effect shall likewise be so bound and shall remain in office until their successors are elected or appointed.
chapter xi ratification
article xcii.
this constitution shall be established when ratified by the diet by roll-call vote of two-thirds of the members present.
upon ratification by the diet, the emperor shall immediately proclaim, in the name of the people, that this constitution has been established as the supreme law of the nation.
外務省仮訳 : 英文原文 : 資料の写し
[英文について] 国立国会図書館の憲政資料室に所蔵されているマイクロフィルム化された、幣原喜重郎資料中の constitution of japan （幣原総理大臣に配布されたと考えられる）を使用した。（写し２）
マイクロフィルム化された原資料の保存状態が良くないため、佐藤達夫文書中の constitution of japan （松本国務大臣に配布されたと考えられる）と照合した。（写し３）
明らかなタイプミスと考えられるものまで、両資料から原文を忠実に再現するように務めた。
資料の写し
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