孫子の兵法 Tactics of Sun Tzu

http://ninjutsu.webnode.com/sun-tzu/

Sun Tzu The Art Of War 1/10

http://blogs.yahoo.co.jp/brightblink1000/folder/553510.html

孫子の兵法　計篇 第一　（Laying Plans ）
孫子の兵法について　≪（朗読ー音声が再生されます）
http://sonshi.roudokus.com/mp3/sonshi00_00.mp3

計篇 第一　（Laying Plans ）
兵は国の大事
http://sonshi.roudokus.com/mp3/sonshi01_01.mp3
司令官の登用と解任
http://sonshi.roudokus.com/mp3/sonshi01_02.mp3
兵は詭道なり
http://sonshi.roudokus.com/mp3/sonshi01_03.mp3
戦う前に勝敗は予測できる
http://sonshi.roudokus.com/mp3/sonshi01_04.mp3


計篇 第一　（Laying Plans ）

01-01
孫子曰、兵者國之大事、死生之地、存亡之道、不可不察也、
故經之以五事、校之以計、而索其情、一曰道、二曰天、三曰地、四曰將、五曰法、

孫子曰く、兵とは国の大事（だいじ）なり、死生（しせい）の地、存亡（そんぼう）の道、察せざるべからざるなり。ゆえにこれを経（はか）るに五事（ごじ）をもってし、これを校（くら）ぶるに計（けい）をもってして、その情を索（もと）む。一に曰く道（みち）、二に曰く天（てん）、三に曰く地（ち）、四に曰く将（しょう）、五に曰く法（ほう）なり。

Sunzi said: The art of war is of vital importance to the State. It is a matter of life and death, a road either to safety or to ruin. Hence it is a subject of inquiry which can on no account be neglected.
The art of war, then, is governed by five constant factors, to be taken into account in one's deliberations, when seeking to determine the conditions obtaining in the field. These are: (1) The Moral Law; (2) Heaven; (3) Earth; (4) The Commander; (5) Method and discipline.

01-02
道者令民與上同意也、故可以與之死、可與之生、而不畏危、天者陰陽寒暑時制也、地者遠近險易廣狹死生也、將者智信仁勇嚴也、法者曲制官道主用也、凡此五者、將莫不聞、知之者勝、不知者不勝、
故校之以計、而索其情、曰主孰有道、將孰有能、天地孰得、法令孰行、兵衆孰強、士卒孰練、賞罰孰明、吾以此知勝負矣、

道とは、民をして上（かみ）と意（い）を同じくし、これと死すべくこれと生くべくして、危（あやう）きを畏（おそ）れざるなり。天とは、陰陽（いんよう）・寒暑（かんしょ）・時制（じせい）なり。地とは遠近（えんきん）・険易（けんい）・広狭（こうきょう）・死生（しせい）なり。将（しょう）とは、智・信・仁・勇・厳なり。法とは、曲制（きょくせい）・官道（かんどう）・主用（しゅよう）なり。およそこの五者は、将（しょう）は聞かざることなきも、これを知る者は勝ち、知らざる者は勝たず。ゆえにこれを校（くら）ぶるに計をもってして、その情を索（もと）む。曰く、主いずれか有道なる、将いずれか有能なる、天地いずれか得たる、法令（ほうれい）いずれか行なわる、兵衆（へいしゅう）いずれか強き、士卒（しそつ）いずれか練（なら）いたる、賞罰（しょうばつ）いずれか明らかなると。われこれをもって勝負を知（し）る。

The Moral Law causes the people to be in complete accord with their ruler, so that they will follow him regardless of their lives, undismayed by any danger. Heaven signifies night and day, cold and heat, times and seasons. Earth comprises distances, great and small;　danger and security; open ground and narrow passes;　the chances of life and death. The Commander stands for the virtues of wisdom, sincerely, benevolence, courage and strictness. By method and discipline are to be understood the marshaling of the army in its proper subdivisions, the graduations of rank among the officers, the maintenance of roads by which supplies may reach the army, and the control of military expenditure. These five heads should be familiar to every general: he who knows them will be victorious; he who knows them not will fail.
Therefore, in your deliberations, when seeking to determine the military conditions, let them be made the basis of a comparison, in this wise: (1) Which of the two sovereigns is imbued with the Moral law? (2) Which of the two generals has most ability? (3) With whom lie the advantages derived from Heaven and Earth? (4) On which side is discipline most rigorously enforced? (5) Which army is stronger? (6) On which side are officers and men more highly trained? (7) In which army is there the greater constancy both in reward and punishment? By means of these seven considerations I can forecast victory or defeat.



孫子の兵法　計篇 第一　（Laying Plans ）

01-03
將聽吾計、用之必勝、留之、將不聽吾計、用之必敗、去之、
計利以聽、乃爲之勢、以佐其外、勢者因利而制權也、

将（しょう）わが計（けい）を聴くときは、これを用（もち）うれば必ず勝つ、これを留（とど）めん。将（しょう）わが計（けい）を聴かざるときは、これを用うれば必ず敗（やぶ）る、これを去らん。計（けい）、利としてもって聴かるれば、すなわちこれが勢（せい）をなして、もってその外（そと）を佐（たす）く。勢（せい）とは利によりて権（けん）を制（せい）するなり。

The general that hearkens to my counsel and acts upon it, will conquer: let such a one be retained in command! The general that hearkens not to my counsel nor acts upon it, will suffer defeat - let such a one be dismissed!
While heading the profit of my counsel, avail yourself also of any helpful circumstances over and beyond the ordinary rules. According as circumstances are favorable, one should modify one's plans.

01-04
兵者詭道也、故能而示之不能、用而示之不用、近而示之遠、遠而示之近、利而誘之、亂而取之、實而備之強而避之、怒而撓之、卑而驕之、佚而勞之、親而離之、攻其無備、出其不意、此兵家之勢、不可先傳也、

兵とは詭道（きどう）なり。ゆえに能（のう）なるもこれに不能を示し、用（よう）なるもこれに不用を示し、近くともこれに遠きを示し、遠くともこれに近きを示し、利（り）にしてこれを誘い、乱（らん）にしてこれを取り、実（じつ）にしてこれに備え、強（きょう）にしてこれを避け、怒（ど）にしてこれを撓（みだ）し、卑（ひ）にしてこれを驕（おご）らせ、佚（いつ）にしてこれを労し、親（しん）にしてこれを離す。その無備（むび）を攻め、その不意に出（い）ず。これ兵家の勢（せい）、先（さき）には伝うべからざるなり。

All warfare is based on deception. Hence, when able to attack, we must seem unable; when using our forces, we must seem inactive; when we are near, we must make the enemy believe we are far away;when far away, we must make him believe we are near. Hold out baits to entice the enemy. Feign disorder, and crush him. If he is secure at all points, be prepared for him. If he is in superior strength, evade him. If your opponent is of choleric temper, seek to irritate him. Pretend to be weak, that he may grow arrogant. If he is taking his ease, give him no rest. If his forces are united, separate them. Attack him where he is unprepared, appear where you are not expected. These military devices, leading to victory, must not be divulged beforehand.

01-05
夫未戰而廟?勝者、得算多也。未戰而廟算不勝者、得算少也。多算勝、少算不勝、而況於無算乎。吾以此觀之、勝負見矣。

それいまだ戦わずして廟算（びょうさん）して勝つ者は、算（さん）を得ること多ければなり。いまだ戦わずして廟算（びょうさん）して勝たざる者は、算（さん）を得ること少なければなり。算（さん）多きは勝ち、算（さん）少なきは勝たず。しかるをいわんや算（さん）なきにおいてをや。われこれをもってこれを観（み）るに、勝負見（あら）わる。

Now the general who wins a battle makes many calculations in his temple ere the battle is fought. The general who loses a battle makes but few calculations beforehand. Thus do many calculations lead to victory, and few calculations to defeat: how much more no calculation at all! It is by attention to this point that I can foresee who is likely to win or lose.